Lovage

Soil Preparation

Lovage is a robust plant, but it truly thrives in well-drained, fertile soil. It prefers a slightly acidic to neutral pH, ideally between 6.0 and 7.0. Before planting, take the time to amend your soil generously with organic matter like well-rotted compost or aged manure. This not only improves fertility but also enhances drainage, which is crucial for preventing root rot. If you have heavy clay soil, consider creating raised beds or incorporating plenty of sand and compost to lighten it up. A good soil structure will support its deep taproot system.

Planting

You can start Lovage from seed or by dividing established plants. Seeds can be sown directly outdoors in early spring after the last frost, or started indoors 6-8 weeks before. Lovage seeds often benefit from a period of cold stratification (mimicking winter conditions) to improve germination rates, so consider chilling them in the refrigerator for a few weeks before planting. Plant seeds about 1/4 inch deep and space them 6-12 inches apart, as seedlings can be thinned later. For division, carefully dig up a mature plant in early spring or fall, ensuring each section has a good portion of roots and at least one growth bud. Plant these divisions about 2-3 feet apart, as Lovage can grow quite large.

Watering

Consistent moisture is key for Lovage, especially during its establishment phase and dry spells. While mature plants can tolerate some drought, they produce their best, most tender leaves with regular watering. Aim for about 1 inch of water per week, either from rainfall or irrigation. Water deeply to encourage a strong root system, rather than frequent shallow watering. Avoid overhead watering late in the day, as this can encourage fungal diseases; instead, water at the base of the plant.

Fertilizing

Lovage is not a heavy feeder if planted in rich soil. An annual application of good quality compost around the base of the plant in early spring is usually sufficient to provide all the nutrients it needs for the growing season. If your soil is particularly poor or your plant seems to be struggling, a balanced organic granular fertilizer applied once in spring can give it a boost. Avoid excessive nitrogen, which can lead to lush but weak growth.

Pruning

Pruning is essential for maintaining a healthy and productive Lovage plant. As it's grown primarily for its leaves, you'll want to snip off any flower stalks as they emerge. This directs the plant's energy into producing more foliage rather than seeds, extending your harvest season. You can also trim the outer leaves regularly for culinary use. In late fall, after the first hard frost, cut the entire plant back to about 6 inches from the ground. This helps to rejuvenate the plant and encourages vigorous new growth the following spring.

Harvesting

You can begin harvesting Lovage leaves once the plant is well-established and at least 8-12 inches tall. Snip off the outer leaves and stems as needed, always leaving enough inner growth for the plant to continue thriving. For the best flavor, harvest in the morning after the dew has dried. The stems can be used like celery, and the roots, which have a more intense flavor, can be harvested in the fall from mature plants (at least 2-3 years old). Seeds can be collected when they turn brown and dry on the plant. Fresh leaves are best, but they can also be dried or frozen for later use.

Lovage, scientifically known as Levisticum officinale, is a venerable herb with roots deeply embedded in European history. Its origins can be traced back to the mountainous regions of Southern Europe, particularly the Mediterranean basin, where it grew wild long before its deliberate cultivation. Ancient Greeks and Romans were among the first to recognize its potent properties, employing it both as a culinary seasoning and a powerful medicinal plant. Historical texts suggest its use in Roman cuisine, valued for its strong, celery-like flavor, and as a digestive aid after rich banquets.

As the Roman Empire expanded, so did the reach of Lovage. It was introduced to various parts of Europe, and its cultivation was further solidified during the Middle Ages, largely through the efforts of monastic gardens. Monks, who were often the keepers of botanical knowledge, carefully cultivated Lovage for its perceived health benefits. It became a staple in physic gardens, prized for its diuretic, antiseptic, and anti-inflammatory qualities. Anecdotes from this period even suggest its use in warding off evil spirits and as an ingredient in love potions, highlighting its mystical as well as practical appeal.

The herb's journey continued across continents, eventually making its way to North America with early European settlers. It was cherished in colonial gardens for its culinary versatility and medicinal applications, serving as a flavorful addition to soups and stews, and a home remedy for various ailments. Though perhaps less common in modern gardens than some other herbs, Lovage has maintained a loyal following among those who appreciate its unique flavor profile and historical significance. It remains a testament to the enduring value of traditional herbs that have nourished and healed generations.